1. Brinell Hardness Test:
The Brinell hardness test is conducted by pressing a round steel ball into the surface of the steel and measuring the indentation left by this process to determine the hardness of the steel. The basic steps of the Brinell hardness test are as follows:

a. Surface Preparation: The surface of the steel sample should be smooth and clean.
b. Ball and Load Selection: Choose an appropriate ball diameter and load for a specific steel hardness. These values are specified in the test standards.
c. Indentation Process: The ball is pressed into the steel surface with a specific load and left in place for a certain duration.
d. Measurement of Indentation: After the ball is withdrawn, the diameter of the indentation it leaves is measured.
e. Hardness Calculation: The Brinell hardness number is calculated using the indentation diameter and the applied load.

2. Rockwell Hardness Test:
The Rockwell hardness test determines the hardness of steel by measuring how deep an indenter (diamond or spherical-tipped) penetrates the steel surface. The basic steps of the Rockwell hardness test are as follows:

a. Surface Preparation: The steel surface should be clean and smooth.
b. Indenter and Scale Selection: Choose the type of indenter (diamond or spherical-tipped) and the scale (A, B, C, etc.).
c. Indentation Process: The indenter is pressed into the steel surface with a specific preliminary load, followed by a larger main load, and the depth of penetration is measured.
d. Hardness Reading: The indenter is withdrawn, and the measurement result is read as a specific Rockwell hardness number.

Both hardness testing methods are used to determine the hardness values of steels and are important in various industrial applications. However, it is important to perform the tests in accordance with standards and by experienced personnel to obtain accurate results.