The process of passivation in stainless steel is applied to enhance the oxidation resistance and prevent corrosion. Stainless steels naturally form a passive layer due to the presence of chromium, which protects the surface of the steel from environmental factors causing oxidation (corrosion).
However, in some cases, the passive layer on the surface of stainless steel can become damaged or weakened. These situations may include:
1. Chemical contamination: Contact with chemical substances can harm the passive layer.
2. Surface contamination: Dirt, dust, or other foreign materials can cover the surface of the passive layer and increase oxidation.
3. High temperatures: Stainless steel operating at high temperatures may damage the passive layer on its surface.
4. Abrasive conditions: Stainless steel exposed to conditions such as salty water or aggressive chemicals may require extra maintenance to protect the passive layer.
The passivation process is applied to regenerate and strengthen the passive layer in stainless steel. This process cleans the steel's surface and helps facilitate the formation of the passive layer. As a result, the durability and oxidation resistance of stainless steel are improved. Passivation is particularly crucial for components that come into contact with seawater or aggressive chemicals, as these conditions can more rapidly compromise the passive layer.